{"id":5093,"date":"2011-11-22T16:00:00","date_gmt":"2011-11-22T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.muchomaas.com\/les-petits-papiers5093\/"},"modified":"2011-11-22T16:00:00","modified_gmt":"2011-11-22T15:00:00","slug":"les-petits-papiers5093","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/?p=5093","title":{"rendered":"Les petits papiers\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"post_excerpt\">Archives nationales<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les Archives nationales abritent<br \/>\nune exposition qui traite d\u2019un<br \/>\nsujet sensible : l\u2019\u00e9volution du<br \/>\nfichage des populations depuis<br \/>\nl\u2019\u00e9poque du second Empire<\/strong>. De<br \/>\nnombreuses sources ont curieusement<br \/>\npu \u00eatre compil\u00e9es, alors<br \/>\nqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de documents cens\u00e9s \u00eatre d\u00e9truits. La photographie et<br \/>\nle d\u00e9veloppement du fichier judiciaire bas\u00e9 sur l\u2019anthropom\u00e9trie forment<br \/>\nle coeur du propos.<\/p>\n<p>Il n\u2019\u00e9tonnera personne que les Renseignements g\u00e9n\u00e9raux soient<br \/>\n\u00e0 l\u2019origine du fichage du contre-espionnage, mais aussi des \u00e9trangers,<br \/>\ndes homosexuels, des communistes ou des anarchistes. Avec<br \/>\nla naissance des Brigades du tigre, \u00ab <em>seule police qu\u2019une d\u00e9mocratie<br \/>\npuisse avouer<\/em> \u00bb selon Cl\u00e9menceau, les \u00ab fichiers centraux \u00bb<br \/>\napparaissent. \u00c0 l\u2019origine, l\u2019id\u00e9e est de croiser les informations pour<br \/>\nretrouver les criminels, mais ce sont surtout les nomades qui sont<br \/>\nainsi traqu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Durant l\u2019entre-deux-guerres, apparaissent permis de conduire,<br \/>\ncartes d\u2019invalidit\u00e9, fichiers de salari\u00e9s\u2026 Du pain b\u00e9ni pour Vichy<br \/>\nqui \u00ab encarte \u00bb les juifs. Les nombreux d\u00e9bats qui surgissent apr\u00e8s<br \/>\nla Lib\u00e9ration ne suffisent pas \u00e0 enrayer un processus qui s\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e8re,<br \/>\nm\u00eame avec les conflits li\u00e9s \u00e0 la d\u00e9colonisation. Rapidement,<br \/>\non assiste \u00e0 une d\u00e9multiplication des fichiers et \u00e0 leur m\u00e9canisation.<br \/>\nPr\u00e9textant que la l\u00e9gislation prot\u00e8ge les donn\u00e9es personnelles, l\u2019exposition<br \/>\ns\u2019arr\u00eate aux ann\u00e9es 1960. Il aurait pourtant \u00e9t\u00e9 bienvenu<br \/>\nd\u2019introduire, dans ce parcours, la cr\u00e9ation contemporaine du fichage<br \/>\ninformatique et biom\u00e9trique. Loin d\u2019attirer l\u2019attention du visiteur sur<br \/>\nles d\u00e9rives d\u2019une histoire brune, le parti pris des commissaires de<br \/>\nl\u2019exposition \u00e9veille surtout, au regard des documents consacr\u00e9s \u00e0<br \/>\nl\u2019anarchiste Bonnot ou \u00e0 l\u2019opiomane et homosexuel Cocteau, une<br \/>\ncertaine nostalgie. On quitte donc les Archives nationales avec un<br \/>\nsentiment mitig\u00e9, renforc\u00e9 par la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019un photomaton \u00e0 la<br \/>\nsortie qui permet de se faire tirer un portrait \u00e9tiquet\u00e9 \u00ab suspect \u00bb,<br \/>\n\u00ab soumise \u00bb, etc. Une invitation douteuse \u00e0 l\u2019initiative du sponsor de<br \/>\nl\u2019exposition. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives nationales<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15602,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[393],"class_list":["post-5093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nos-selections","tag-expo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5093"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5093\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5093"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archives.regards.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}